2/4 & 3/4 Time Signatures

Hello, and welcome back to Upbeat Rhythms! This is part II of the written supplement to our time signatures video over on the Practice Pad, which is the space for all our video tutorials and lessons here on the Upbeat Rhythms site.
First of all, in both 2/4 and 3/4 time the number at the bottom is the same, four. What that tells us is that it’s still a quarter note that we’re looking for to make up one complete beat in our measure. In 2/4, the top note is now a two. So, unlike in common time where we need four beats to fill up our measure, in 2/4 time we just need just two beats to fill up a measure. Again, two quarter notes, as the bottom number has indicated to us.
Just like a whole note is the largest note value that can ‘fit’ in a 4/4 bar, the half note is the largest note value that can fit in a 2/4 bar. In a 3/4 situation you’d need to add a quarter note to the half note to fill up the whole bar (or some combination of notes and/or rests, of course), but again you wouldn’t see any whole notes in this case because there isn’t enough space within the measure according to what the time signature demands. Jumping ahead, the largest note value that would fit in a 3/4 bar would be a dotted half-note, but we’ll get to all that stuff as we continue along in this series. Don’t worry about that yet if you’re not familiar with dots, they’ll be addressed soon.
As you might have guessed by now, when the top number changes if you still have the four at the bottom you’re still looking at a quarter note equalling one beat, so the top number’s just going to tell you how many of those beats belong in one measure. Continuing on in this manner, a 5/4 measure means you need five quarter notes to equal one measure. 6/4 is the same idea, the quarter note is still indicated as one entire beat in your measure in the bottom of the signature, but now we need six of them. Because in a 6/4 bar you’ve got six quarter note beats in a measure. 7/4, 9/4, same deal. A quarter note is still called for to represent one complete beat, but now we need seven of them (or nine, etc) to fill up one measure. And as for half notes, whole notes, and other notes such as sixteenths and eighths (again, don’t worry if you haven’t heard of them, you will soon!), you just have to start doing the math. Basically if it takes seven quarter notes to fill up a measure, you would need fourteen eighth notes. In a 6/4 bar if it takes six quarter notes to fill up a measure, you’d need three half notes, and so on.
One more slightly unusual type of time signature that was pointed out in the video is a 1/4 time signature. Though rare, it too does occur in music from time to time. The quarter note still represents one entire beat, but there’s only one beat per bar.
Time Signatures Part I
Related Time Signatures Video